conclusions precise evaluation of patients with one renal abnormality could lead to detection of other associated anomalies. application of minimally invasive procedures such as ureteroscopic incision is highly recommended in ureterocele treatment. case presentation a middle-aged male was known to have horseshoe kidney, bilateral ureteroceles and a stone, 1 cm in diameter, in his right ureter. ...

patients presenting with nephrotic syndrome with or without nephritic illness rarely come across with the diagnosis of ‘c1q nephropathy’. this entity is purely diagnosed with the help of immunofluorescence like iga nephropathy. clinical presentation is heterogenous, ranging from nephrotic range proteinuria to sub-nephrotic state; and with or without hematuria / renal insufficiency. similarly, t...

background: early detection of renal diseases in children can be beneficial for prevention, delaying disease progression, reduction of the number of patients with progressive renal failure. the most common metabolic disorders predisposing renal calculus in children are: hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria, hyperoxaluria, renal tubular acidosis, and hypocitraturia. objectives: in this research, we s...

igm nephropathy (igmn) is an idiopathic immune complex-mediated glomerulopathy that was first described as a distinct disease in a nephropathology literature in 1978. here,a historical review and the current status of igmn in the light of world literature and the current experience will be presented. the pubmed (www.pubmed.gov) search was made for articles on igmn as the sole subject of the stu...

background the presence of arterio-venous (a-v) fistula recirculation among hemodialysis (hd) patients markedly decrease adequacy of dialysis. objectives the present article summarize some of observations about clinical significance, causes, the most common techniques for measurement, and main source of pitfall in calculation of access recirculation. materials and methods a variety of literatur...

occupational exposure to heavy metals, organic solvents and silica is associated with a variety of renal manifestations. improved understanding of occupational renal disease provides insight into environmental renal disease, improving knowledge of disease pathogenesis. silica (sio 2 ) is an abundant mineral found in sand, rock, and soil. workers exposed to silica include sandblasters, miners, q...

introduction: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (adpkd) is one of the most common genetic kidney disorders with the incidence of 1 in 1,000 births. adpkd is genetically heterogeneous with two genes identified: pkd1 (16p13.3, 46 exons) and pkd2 (4q21, 15 exons). eighty five percent of the patients with adpkd have at least one mutation in the pkd1 gene. genetic studies have demonstrate...

background: l-carnitine may prevent the incidence of aki by its antioxidant effects and improving circulation in ischemic conditions. the goal of this trial was to evaluate the impact of l-carnitine on contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing elective pci. methods: totally, the patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups. the treatment group received 1 g of l-carnitine orally 3 time...

drug induced acute kidney injury (aki) has been implicated in 8% to 60% of all cases of in-hospital aki and as such is a recognized source of significant morbidity and mortality. evaluation of incidence, risk factors, onset time, and outcome of  antibiotics' associated acute kidney injury. during one-year period, all patients who developed acute kidney injury during their hospital stay in the i...